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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

贵州加快水利现代化建设全面提升水安全保障能力******

　　多彩贵州网讯（本网记者彭典徐昆）1月10日，记者从省政府新闻办召开的贵州水利“百库大会战”新闻发布会上获悉，贵州加快水利现代化建设，全面提升水安全保障能力。

　　省水利厅将深入实施贵州省“十四五”水利发展规划、贵州省水网建设规划等重点规划，围绕提升水安全保障能力、破解工程性缺水问题、推动水利高质量发展目标，全力以赴加快水利现代化建设。

新闻发布会现场

　　加快贵州水网建设，全面提升水安全保障能力。围绕建设“一核四区”大水网，以水利“百库大会战”为抓手，重点推进凤山、观音等在建工程建设，新开工花滩子、英武、石龙等一批大中小型水库，加快黔中、夹岩调水大通道建设和水库配套输配水网络建设，实施一批引提调水和连通工程，推进农村供水管网和灌区建设，全面保障城镇、30户以上村寨、300亩以上连片耕地、高标准农田和产业园区等用水需求。“十四五”期基本建成黔中水网和黔西北水网，同步推进黔东南、黔东北、黔西南水网建设，到2035年全面形成贵州大水网。

　　加快水旱灾害防御体系建设，全力保障人民群众安全。深入落实“两个坚持，三个转变”的防灾减灾救灾理念，按照“消隐患、强弱项”的思路，加强大江大河主要支流和中小河流治理、病险水库除险加固、山洪灾害防治、城市防洪体系建设，强化流域防洪调度，探索推进数字孪生流域建设，整体提升洪涝灾害防御能力和超标准洪水应对能力，保障人民群众生命财产安全和经济社会健康稳定发展。

　　加快供水“四化”建设，提升城乡供水保障能力。全面推进输配水网络建设，打通生产生活生态用水“最后一公里”。按照“规模化发展、标准化建设、专业化管理、企业化运营”的思路，整体推进城乡供水一体化发展，助力乡村振兴。

　　加快水生态治理修复，守好“两江”生态屏障。坚持绿色发展、水利先行的思路，系统推进水土流失综合治理、生态清洁型小流域综合治理、重点河湖生态修复、小水电分类整改和绿色转型升级、水系连通及水美乡村建设、湖库生态渔业发展，全面加强水生态文明建设和水生态产业发展。

　　加快智慧水利建设，全面提升水利信息化水平。按照“需求牵引、应用至上、数字赋能、提升能力”要求，以保障流域防洪、供水和水生态的安全为目标，以提升流域综合治理和管理能力为核心，以提升水利监测现代化水平为支撑，围绕“一云一网一平台”总体框架，推进云计算、大数据、移动互联、物联网、5G等新一代信息技术与水利活动全面深度融合，加快数字化转型，积极推进数字孪生流域、数字孪生水利工程项目试点建设，逐步构建数字化、网络化、智能化的智慧水利体系。

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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